Research

Below are posts related to research.



Young child touches tactile book with adult guidance.

Tactile and Object Exploration Among Young Children with Visual Impairments

By Charlotte Cushman
This study examines the relationship between the exploration of tactile and objects with braille readiness with young children who are blind or visually impaired.
Title of Increasing Comprehension of Students with Significant Intellectual Disabilities and Visual Impairments during Shared Stories article

Increasing Comprehension of Students with Significant Intellectual Disabilities and Visual Impairments during Shared Stories

By Charlotte Cushman
Research study on listening comprehension during shared stories for two students with significant intellectual disabilities and visual impairments
Title of Standards-based Instructional Strategies for English Language Learners with Disabilities

Standards-Based Instructional Strategies for English Language Learners with Disabilities

By Charlotte Cushman
Research study on state standards for English Language Learners with disabilities
Boy with glasses writes on a Braille Note.

Research Study: Early Braille Education Vital

By Charlotte Cushman
Research on the importance of early instruction for braille users
ABCD and pile of books

Teaching Children to Read

By Charlotte Cushman
Findings and determinations of the National Reading Panel on the research literature on teaching reading and the implications for instruction (not specific to visual impairment)
A girl reads a braille book.

Project SLATE: Framework for Braille Literacy Instruction

By Charlotte Cushman
Project SLATE research study to explore the appropriate levels of instructional services to address the needs of students in braille literacy programs.
Title of research article

Forty Years of Literacy Research in Blindness and Visual Impairment

By Charlotte Cushman
This article outlines concerns about the quality of research currently being done in the field of literacy research in blindness and visual impairment
A teenage boy writes on a desktop computer

Access to Literacy Instruction for Students Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired

By Charlotte Cushman
This 61-page discussion paper examines the importance of literacy for all students who are blind or visually impaired.
A boy with glasses writes on a Smart Brailler

The ABC Braille Study: Results and Implications for Teachers

By Anna Swenson
The ABC Braille Study found that many elementary-aged braille readers fail to achieve grade level expectations in reading vocabulary & comprehension.

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